Summary
This article examines Muslim attitudes toward polygamy in relation to the Ḥūr al-ʿĪn, arguing that many objections stem from cultural assumptions and personal experiences rather than Islamic teachings. It explores marriage, love, and Paradise through an Islamic worldview.
A Poly Paradise – Earthly Wives, Celestial Brides, Oh My!
THE ḤÛR AL-ʿÎN are most certainly one of the most contentious issues for Muslim women, and a source of downright glee for many men. While many women ask, “What do we get in Jannah?” – which is a valid question that certainly deserves to be addressed – it is, to be blunt, merely an aside to the true crux of the matter. That core issue is, of course, polygamy. Polygamy in and of itself is a fraught issue amongst Muslims. On the one hand, it is clear in the Quran and Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ that it is recognized as a legitimate, permissible form of marriage in Islam. Classical scholarship discusses and confirms the rights of Muslim women not merely in general, but specifically within the context of marriage – including polygamous marriage. On the other hand, however, there is undeniable reality: a reality where the theories of Islamic law do not necessarily translate into real life. Polygamy has been, and continues to be, misused by Muslim men and has thus resulted in the gross abuse of Muslim women. Islamic rulings about fiqh are twisted and technicalities exploited as an excuse, in many cases, for men to avoid taking full responsibility for their actions – which in turn are driven largely by their desires and not necessarily by noble intentions or even basic honesty. However, that is not to say that the widely-known problems surrounding polygamy as practiced by many Muslims are problems exclusive to polygamy or even to Muslims. Rather, while the behaviors may be dressed up or justified using Islamic terms, the truth is that the motivations behind those actions are purely human. Just as there are those who abuse the institution of monogamy, the problem is not with monogamy itself, but rather, with the individuals. What is it about polygamy that makes so many women upset? Is it the idea of sharing their husband physically with another woman (or multiple women)? Is it about feeling that one doesn’t have an exclusive relationship – including emotionally – with her husband? Is it more about the common stories of abuse, or even simple irresponsibility and ineptness by many men who engage in polygamy? Or is there, perhaps, a bias through which we are viewing this entire issue that we ourselves do not even recognize?On the Other Side of the Rainbow
Polygamy is not exclusive to Islam or Muslims. Globally and historically, polygamy has existed as an institution of marriage, wherein a man has married more than one woman and has been committed to them physically, emotionally, and financially. Polygamy differs from promiscuity in that, rather than engaging in short-term multiple relationships that are based on a largely sexual foundation, polygamy demands that the husband be committed and responsible. From a worldview which views and encourages fidelitous relationships as necessary to a healthy society, polygamy is by far preferable to short-term relationships which do not foster strong family units. In short – marriage of any type, whether monogamous or polygamous – is considered infinitely more desirable than zina of any type. What is peculiarly interesting about how polygamy is viewed today, and in particular in Western countries – both those with a strong Judeo-Christian history and those which are primarily secular and liberal – is that there is a huge disconnect with history and with a consistent moral framework. Despite LGBTQ+ rights being championed around the world, and pride being taken in understanding and supporting ‘liberal’ values, polygamy continues to be viewed as something negative and shameful. For all that certain groups claim that they support ‘love’ and that it shouldn’t be restricted by race or gender, they conveniently ignore that polygamy involves consenting adults (for the most part). Those who say that polygamy is the cause of abuse, forced marriage, child marriage, and other such problems are deliberately conflating issues. Abuse, forced marriage, and child marriage all exist outside of polygamy, and are not unique to it. It is strange to me that so many people, including Muslims, do in fact try to ‘prove’ how liberal and ‘enlightened’ they are by actively supporting something such as homosexuality, yet have such a strong kneejerk reaction to polygamy – which, unlike homosexuality, is permissible in Islam. The blunt truth is that when individuals question things such as polygamy (or the Hûr Al-ʿÎn ) in Islam, they view themselves as being objective – when in truth they are themselves biased and influenced by the prevailing attitudes and mentalities of their time and culture. It’s very easy to claim objectivity, but no one is truly objective. Values and morals change over time, and dramatically over a period of time as short as a decade. One need look no further than Western cultures to recognize how the moral norms of society have changed drastically: as early as 60 years ago, men and women as young as their mid-teens got married and it was not considered an intolerable problem; homosexuality was, as in every monotheistic religion, reviled and considered unacceptable, and public support was nearly non-existent. Today, it’s widely considered ‘normal’ for twelve-year-olds to engage in sexual experimentation but inappropriate for seventeen-year-olds to get married, while gay marriage has been legalized in Canada, the United States, and numerous other countries. The great wisdom behind Divine Law, the Sharîʿah of Allah, is that as our Creator has set down a set of general (and often specific) morals and values that do not change based on people’s whims and desires. In the Sharîʿah, we have standards and codes of conduct that reinforce morals that are non-negotiable. Modesty, marital fidelity, and a zero-tolerance policy on zina of any type are examples of these values. Once again related to the curious dichotomy between the modern-day secular, liberal agenda and the perception of polygamy, is that the liberal movement claims to be enlightened regarding the meaning of ‘love’ – yet does not extend that to polygamy. Instead, we have people across the world affected by the primarily Judeo-Christian ideal of monogamous love: the idea that there is only one woman for one man; that romantic love is restricted to that single relationship alone; that love is limited and confined. Why is that we are so resistant towards changing our perception of love? Why do we feel that love is something limited and quantified; that to love one individual means being incapable of loving another? Why do we feel that to have our husbands love another woman, takes away his love from us? What about loving for your loved one to be loved – to experience happiness simply in the knowledge that your loved one is happy? Of course, the answers to much of that lies within understanding how the prominence of certain ideologies have resulted in the change of lifestyles, worldviews and perception of concepts such as love, marriage, and family. In fact, I truly believe that the normalization of the nuclear family unit, as opposed to an extended family network that includes and incorporates polygamy, is largely responsible for the attitude that views polygamy as something innately harmful. One counter-argument regarding polygamy often is – if it’s okay and ‘normal’ for men to be polygamous, why is it not so for women? Aren’t the same justifications for polygamous men applicable to women who incline towards the same? The truth is, once again, harsh to some. Allah tells us clearly that “wa laysa al-dhakara ka al-untha.” The male is not like the female. Islam itself recognizes innate differences – biological, psychological, and social – and has a vast array of different rulings for the genders. However, with emotional capability to love put aside (and there are certainly some valid points regarding women’s emotional bandwidth compared to men), one very simple reason for the fact that polyandry is prohibited in Islam is because of paternity. Access to technology such as DNA analysis is both extremely recent and privileged; the vast majority of people in the world cannot get a paternity test easily or immediately. Lineage through the father is taken very seriously in Islam, and the prohibition of polyandry is related to that.Sharing is Caring
Though so many people are hung up on the idea of sharing their husbands with the Hûr Al-ʿÎn, one point which is particularly fascinating is actually about the fact that out of the spouses whom a man will have in Jannah, two of them will be human wives. In Sûrat Al-Wâqʿiah, Allah describes the women of Jannah in the following terms:Indeed, We have produced the women of Paradise in a [new] creation; and made them virgins, beloved (by nature), equal in age… [Sûrat Al-Wâqiʿah, 56:35-37]
As evidenced by the ḥadîth of the Prophet ﷺ (introduced in Part 1), Abû Hurairah narrated that the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said:Every man in heaven will go to seventy-two of the creatures of Allah (houris) and two of the women of mankind. These two (human, believing) women are superior to the creatures of Allah (houris) with their worshipping (good deeds) which they had performed in this world. (Bayhaqi, Al-Baʿth wa Al-Nushûr; Ṭabari, Tafsir; Abû Yaʿla, Ibn Ḥajar, Fatḥ Al-Bâri; Ṭabarâni; and others)
These verses refer not to the Hûr Al-ʿÎn (houris), but to the human believing women. In particular, verse 37 of Sûrat Al-Wâqiʿah stands out: ʿUruban atrâban. While the word atrâban is translated as ‘equal in age,’ there are other linguistic nuances to the word. In Nouman Ali Khan’s linguistic analysis of the verse, he points out that the word atrâban is related to the word turâb – dust, dirt, that original source material from which every human being has been created. More specifically, the implication of the word is not merely that these women are made from dust (ergo, they are human beings), but that they are made from the same dust as their spouses, a symbolic reference. In essence, they will be perfect and compatible for their spouses in every way: true soul mates. In addition, the following ḥadîth further describes these women:It is reported that some people stated with a sense of pride and some discussed whether there would be more men in Paradise or more women. It was upon this that Abû Hurairah reported that the Prophet ﷺ said:
The (members) of the first group to get into Paradise would have their faces as bright as the full moon during the night, and the next to this group would have their faces as bright as the shining stars in the sky, and every person would have two wives and the marrow of their shanks would glimmer beneath the flesh and there would be none without a wife in Paradise. There would be no dissension amongst them and no enmity in their hearts. Their hearts would be like one heart, glorifying Allah morning and evening. (Muslim)
Considering the way this ḥadîth is phrased – with the description of the believers in general coming first, and then specifying the women – it could be said that the final phrase regarding the hearts is also describing the women in particular. How incredible would it be if our co-wives in Jannah are not merely soul mates to our husbands, but our kindred spirits as well?So Many Questions, Never Enough Answers
This look at polygamy and our attitudes towards it – whether on this Earth or in Jannah – is by no means exhaustive or perfect. It is a small attempt to look into why we feel so strongly about it, and there are further points that will continue to be addressed in future parts, inshâ’Allah. Nor are the sentiments put forth in this article meant to invalidate the questions and emotions many people have regarding this sensitive topic. It is recognized that for every individual, there will be issues that are troubling and which they find problematic. Ultimately, it is impossible for a fellow human being to provide answers that are tailored to and satisfy each and every person. What is difficult for one person to process may be very simple for another; the perspective which provides contentment to one individual may cause further discomfort for another. In the end, we are all on a journey towards Jannah itself. That path has difficulties for us all, and those challenges must be expected – for Allah Himself tells us:Or do you think that you will enter Paradise while Allah has not yet tested those of you who fight in His cause and made evident those who are steadfast? [Sûrat Âl ʿImrân, 3:142]
Perhaps one of the greatest tests of us all is that we do not allow our own weaknesses and question to commit one of the greatest sins: to question Allah by demanding explanations of His choices or questioning His wisdom.He is not questioned about what He does, but they will be questioned. [Sûrat Al-Anbiyâ’, 21:23]
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56 Comments
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<3 :)
FINALLY!
grumble grumble grumble
Ouch! Lol oh well, so long us I get to enter jannah and enjoy who cares
Actually it’s good that means those human wives entered jannah too and we want our fellow humen to enter jannah too. Plus there is no jealousy in jannah so enjoy and play ?
I dont get the whole concept. It seems to motivate men and demotivate women at the same time. What if us women want some male hoors? Or do we get only our husband cuz a good muslim woman isnt supposed to want more than one one man?
This will be discussed in the next part, inshaAllah
Brave question indeed
@ fila
It seems from Hadith literature that there is no such thing as “male hoors”.
if a muslim women had more than one husband in her lifetime, then she will have the husband who treated her the best according to hadith. This proves that women will only have one husband in jannah.
This article is stupid. The polygamy is only cuz of widows welfare, financial responsibility on men and in Jannah if a woman wants male hoor she’ll get it. It’s agreed by ibn Qayyim RA and Ibn Taymiyyah RA and modern scholars. It’s also true that the word Hoor is not gender specific and it’s meant for both men and women leaving room for flexible interpretation on cultural basis. Also Men have a right to pursue their desires in Jannah so do have women. Also it’s clearly mentioned in the Qur’an You’ll have whatever your heart desires.
Hoorul ains will have round shaped full sized breasts and round wide hips with fluffy buttocks is it sounds like masculine or feminine to you? It’ll be disgusting for women however we want our Hoorul ain the real wives of men in Jannah. Why women need a man in Jannah while Allah will provide everything for women?
If marriage is only to protect women and not for any kind of pleasure for men then what’s the point for men to marry women? Polygyny is also for pleasure.
Hoorul ains are men’s chosen wives in Jannah and why women so obsessed over Hoorul ains? Male hatred i think?
Yes, I would say, just turn it around and ask the men how they would feel if their wife had four husbands….come on now. Not hard to understand. It is just weird all the way around.
This is amazing :D thanks for sharing (the article)
lol even the hint at the end is scandalous. is there any wonder why the quran kept silent on this topic? i wish i could find the video, but there was a good one out there that mentioned it’s to protect the woman’s modesty. i think perhaps its a bit of protecting the man’s jealousy as well lol. regardless, we know in the end that jannah is a place where our desires can be fulfilled to our heart’s content, which is enough encouragement, at least for me!
Loved reading that! Very well written masha Allah.
Jefri Irwan Harris. Tuti Mohd-Dom
Emilia Hamid
@Mohamad Ali Rahiman
Lim Jooi Soon Nor Rizam Mazlan Kurau King
Hasif Ariff
very informative indeed
Ma shaa Allah Zainab
@idiopathically should’ve had four hearts but ok.
“Today, it’s widely considered ‘normal’ for twelve-year-olds to engage in sexual experimentation but inappropriate for seventeen-year-olds to get married,” subhanallah so true
Very well written and enjoyable read.
Just a side note – When shaykh Yasir Qadhi did tafseer of surat al Rahman, and he talked about hurr al ayn, he mentioned that even though they have several wives, they are never together at the same time. When he is with one wife, they are in a private shell that looks like a pearl, and she is specific for him and no one else. So even in Jannah, the relationships are private and respectful. And the second key point he mentioned – In Jannah, women will not have the feelings that they have here on earth – there is no jealousy or hatred or backbiting, they simply won’t feel the same feelings about hurr al ayn like they do here in this life. So right now if you can’t comprehend it or it makes you upset, know that in Jannah you will not think twice about it. And lastly, Allah gave to women what they need in Jannah based on how He created them, and he gave to men what they need in Jannah based on how He created them. And that’s how it should be – we should be rewarded based on what we need. wa Allahu a3lam.
Interesting view and great read.
I hear no women saying this.
Then you are not listening.
I just can not understand why Muslims practice polygamy, I have seen it here in America, but if Mormons do the same there is a big outcry.
People do “outcry” when Muslims do it. It is a big point of contention among Islamophobes.
female sexual jealousy is based on biological clamouring for resources for their own offspring, hence quranic injunctions on strict resource (time, money) sharing. in Jannah, there is no shortage of resources and no time, hey presto, no jealousy.
I’ve read a lot of articles and opinions besides this one, plus the Ayat in The Qur’an and Hadith by our Prophet (SAW). But I wouldn’t accept my husband to bring another woman to our home. I’m not married, neither is there anybody on my mind, but even the thought of being number two or being set aside, or just the thought of witnessing or knowing that my beloved is together with another woman in another room of our house, or any other place in the world, sharing with her the love he used to give only to me, brings the tears to my eyes. Even the thought does that. I couldn’t bear it, I don’t care what will happen in Jannah, if I in sha Allah go there, as I will not feel jealousy there. But I feel jealousy in this Dunya, and I can’t look at this situation without this emotion. And Allah (SWT) Hasn’t prohibited women to object to their husband on this matter – I’m not saying the woman has a right to prohibit her husband from it, as many scholars tell us she can’t – I simply appreciate the fact that Allah (SWT) Hasn’t made a restriction as to if I can or cannot be against polygamy, which proves that our jealous nature is approved and understood and also should be so by men. And please bear in mind that every woman has a past, and that past might not have been as brilliant as you think. Mine has turned me into a sensitive female who is looking for a husband who will fulfill all her emotionally lacking parts. I would be devastated if I had to witness that husband sharing his love with someone else. I literally cry right now while writing this, and this is how emotional a woman is by nature.
That being said, I would recommend everyone to examine the Hadith where our Prophet (SAW) tells openly that he is against Ali (RA) marrying another woman while still married to His beloved daughter Fatima (RA).
In 2021, I was in this exact same state. Crying. Searching for answers. Because my entire life I believed that whoever my husband is, he will have many wives in Jannah. But I won’t be one of them, because nothing much is spoken for women. But then it hit me, what if I’m one of the many wives? For 3 days I was scrambling for answers. 3 FULL DAYS of searching the internet for answers that made sense to me. Because I don’t want to be secondary.
Yes, I know I’m a woman. And that in Islam, polygamy is allowed. But if I want to marry a man, who I’ll inform that I have no intention of sharing him with anyone else + and he makes the commitment to me before marriage, THEN WHAT MAKES YOU THINK I wouldn’t want the same in Jannah.
Such articles are written by women who themselves hate the idea of polygamy. But they think they have no choice in Jannah. There is. My Allah is just. If he will defend me from everyone on the Day of Judgement, what makes you think he’ll ignore my choice?
‘No its okay you won’t be jealous in Jannah’ etc. are stuff that I’ve found many women say on the internet. Are you kidding me? If jealousy won’t exist, then why can’t you fathom the idea of women having multiple husbands? Does this make sense to you? Then why does the idea of having many wives in Jannah, just because you’re a MAN, make sense to you when IN THIS WORLD your wife went through everything WITH YOU!
You’re not wrong for being this much emotional. Women have to be sensitive and soft like any hurt can make her cry. This what women’s nature and those masculine women they’re not for marriage.
Every one will get whatever they wish for. ALLAH is just. A person will be with whomever he/she loves (hadith).
Allah Ta’ala created one hawwa alayhis salaam for hazrat Adam . Not four nor multiple women.
The hoors are from the unseen realities. We cannot comprehend now with our limited human minds.
Plus they are for those who wish to have them. A hadith mentioned that a person enquired if he could have a farm in jannah as he loved farming. He was from the ansaars. Rasullah sallallahu alayhi wasalllam replied in detail that yes he wiil have a farm ..in which whatever gmhe planted would grow v quickly. No need to wait like farming in the dunya.
The hadith you have mentioned which says there will be two worldly wives of each man is Jannah is wrong. It’s doesn’t say two Worldly wives. It says two heavenly wives. Because what if a man has only one wife or four wives? Why would Prophet PBUh day 2 wives when his companions themselves would have 4 wives mostly. It speaks about hoor al ain and not worldly women. The scholars have interpreted it as hoor and not worldly wives. Make correction.
The hadith you have mentioned which says there will be two worldly wives of each man is Jannah is wrong. It’s doesn’t say two Worldly wives. It says two heavenly wives. Because what if a man has only one wife or four wives? Why would Prophet PBUh day 2 wives when his companions themselves would have 4 wives mostly. It speaks about hoor al ain and not worldly women. The scholars have interpreted it as hoor and not worldly wives. Make correction.
If a husband and wife wish to be alone together forever. .Allah Ta’ala will grant that. Basically jannah is about happiness and peace. Everyone desires different things..everyone’s desires will be fulfilled. Someone wishes to fly? He will be given wings. Nobody will be forced into accepting painful or sad situations. It is jannah. But the highest pleasure in jannah is seeing Allah. Those who will be given the privilege will forget all the bounties and hoors of jannah
Exactly. I stopped believing such articles long ago because they make no sense. In Jannah we all are the virgins. Because our bodies are purified before we enter Jannah. And then we’re married to our spouse of this world (if you don’t want, you can choose another).
I read it somewhere that if multiple wives was the case, then why did Allah only created Hawwa (as) for Adam (as)? Its one for one. Allah created us in pairs, NOT IN GROUPS! 😂
Moreover, I also read this that many things have been heavily mistranslated.
We humans will be the Hoors for each other, because everyone will be equally beautiful.
Its not multiple wives/spouses. Its servants.
In the Quran, Allah refers to everyone as ‘He’, which is a generic term to refer to us Muslims. Then why will the multiple spouses concept be restricted to men only?
‘Oh because men have more desires + polygamy is allowed for that reason only’ WROOOONG.
Polygamy was allowed because women lost their fathers, brothers, husbands and sons to war, leaving them no breadwinner to protect and maintain them.
Women, too, have many desires but society loves to treat it as a taboo. For centuries women had no one to speak for them. No one to address their issues or explain matters from their perspective. Everything was always from a man’s perspective. If there anything for women, it would majorly only be about WIFE’S DUTIES (but never her rights 😊) HOW TO FULFILL HUSBAND’S RIGHTS (but never expect him to fulfill yours😊) AND OBEY HIM.
Thanks to women scholars, plus the internet, we have women coming forward addressing our issues and problems from our perspective. Women aren’t robots. They, too, have desires, needs and wants.
Polygamy was only a means of protection to women, not to fulfill desires of men. Therefore, polygamy is Jannah makes no sense. They aren’t spouses, they’re servants. That’s it.
If polygyny is only to fulfill women and not for men’s desire then no men want to carry such useless burden upon them. It’s like marriage is only to provide us not for men’s pleasure then you’re making the point of necessity of Hoorul ain more stronger because they don’t disobey their husbands and provide them whenever they want so Hoorul ain wives are much beneficial for men who makes to enter Jannah.
“How incredible would it be if our co-wives in Jannah are not merely soul mates to our husbands, but our kindred spirits as well?”
Wow, that’s an attractive thought.
If follows according to true picture of Islam.It is benificial for a whole faimly.
Come on, every woman desires to be the only girl in the world for her husband. I am sure Allah will grant women what they truly want and what they truly want is to be the exclusive spouse of their husband. Since, humans can only marry humans (see 30:21) the hurs are actually from offspring of Adam
Absolutely true! I read it in an article that Hoor-Al-Ayn aren’t gender specific. And that they will be our servants, not spouses. Plus, if multiple spouses was a concept, then Allah would’ve created more wives for Adam (as). Rather, he only created Hawwa (as). And Adam (as) was lonely, meaning, that if multiple wives was a thing, then wouldn’t Allah make more wives for Adam (as).
Men will marry Hoorul ains with Allah’s permission and they’ll be our chosen companions and we’ll make intercourse with them whenever we want. If it was women they’ll say we want freedom this and that etc it seems like men and women are only the companions of earth that’s why Hoorul ains are described as wives so many times mean while earthly wives less compared to it.
Right 👍🏻
Assalamu alaikum Sister Zainab,
This article was very hurtful and degrading to women. It hurt me very deeply, and I wish I had never read it. Instead of helping heal a legitimate pain, it used extraneous social problems like homosexuality to discredit the enormous amount of abuse and torment that women have felt in regards to both polygamy and hur al ayn. My Prophet SAW was deeply concerned for our Sayyadah Fatima, a believer of great imaan, who did not want to live in polygamy. My Prophet SAW was concerned for the feelings of the women of Medina who were largely monogamous. My Prophet SAW was gentle, caring, and carefully concerned about hurting people. What you are discussing is not aqeedah, and is not unanimously agreed upon.
There are many other interpretations by scholars with legitimate permission to teach that do not agree with the opinions you have put forth here on what will happen in the afterlife. Thank Allah for them because if the approach in this article is all I could find, I may have lost my imaan.
I encourage you to care more about the torment, trauma, and ongoing pain that your sisters in Islam feel rather than publish articles that seem to mostly go on offense from Western attacks, and do little to help us find the guidance we were created to receive. I pray you take that as your aim in future articles in Sha Allah.
Sincerely,
Your sister in Islam
You said:
“We have people across the world affected by the primarily Judeo-Christian ideal of monogamous love: the idea that there is only one woman for one man; that romantic love is restricted to that single relationship alone; that love is limited and confined.
Why is that we are so resistant towards changing our perception of love? Why do we feel that love is something limited and quantified; that to love one individual means being incapable of loving another?”
Exactly you said it yourself — humans are capable of feeling unlimited love. The idea that polygamy is only allowed to be practiced by men fails to account for the love that women are capable of feeling too. This perspective places unfair limits only on women.
You haven’t answered the question: why is this understanding of polygamous love only extended to men? Why is there so much resistance to the idea of women being able to love multiple men too?
Please don’t believe this article. Its absolutely incorrect. Its written with the intention of ‘normalizing’ something that obviously isn’t normal. Muslim women are raised to believe that they will never be just the one for their husband in Jannah. Hence, you have people writing such articles to condition women.
‘Its okay you won’t feel jealousy in Jannah’, ‘You’ll be in a separate space while your husband is with another woman’, ‘You won’t have any problems’. WHO TOLD YOU THAT?
We’ve only been told that in Jannah we’ll be 33/30 years old, 90 feet tall, allowed to consume alcohol, etc. etc. BUT where does all this information come from?
Why do you speak of pologamy and then love, pologamy doesn’t require ‘love’ besides even if a person loves all of their sexual partners they will always have a preference between them, men are not exempt from this either.
neither men or women want to share their sexual partners, this is human nature, why do we need an essay on why women shouldn’t be resistant to sharing, but it is ok for men to remain in their natural deposition?
women are asking the same questions time and time again, because the answers are not satisfactory, why i am being told I can only have one, when i’d like more? why am i being told to share when i don’t want to.
“A deeply insightful and balanced take on a sensitive topic. I appreciate how it addresses emotional concerns while staying grounded in Islamic teachings. JazakAllahu khayran!”